關係代名詞：who / which / that / whoseRelative Pronouns

關係代名詞放在名詞「後面」修飾它

中文把說明放在名詞前面：「那個戴眼鏡的女生」。英文要反過來，先說名詞，再用 who / which / that 帶出一個子句來說明：the girl who wears glasses。修飾人用 who，修飾東西或動物用 which，that 人和東西都可以。

• The girl who wears glasses is my cousin.那個戴眼鏡的女生是我表妹。

• I like the T-shirt which has a cat on it.我喜歡那件上面有貓的 T 恤。

• This is the MRT line that goes to the zoo.這是往動物園的捷運線。

關係代名詞怎麼選

「先行詞」就是被修飾的那個名詞。國中階段當受詞的人，用 who 或 that 就可以。

當主詞 vs. 當受詞：受詞關代可以省略

關代後面直接接動詞，它就是子句的主詞，不能省略，而且動詞要跟先行詞的單複數一致。關代後面接的是「主詞 + 動詞」，它就是子句的受詞，可以省略。還有，關代已經代替了那個名詞，子句裡不要再放 him、it。

• The boy who sits next to me plays basketball.坐我旁邊的男生打籃球。

• The students who live near school walk home.住在學校附近的學生走路回家。

• The book (that) I bought yesterday is interesting.我昨天買的那本書很有趣。

• The teacher (who) we met at the night market is Ms. Wang.我們在夜市遇到的老師是王老師。

whose：「……的」

whose 表示所有，意思是「他的、它的」，後面一定緊接著一個名詞。人和東西都可以用 whose。

• I have a friend whose father is a pilot.我有個朋友，他爸爸是機師。

• The boy whose bike was stolen is very sad.那個腳踏車被偷的男生很難過。

• We stayed in a house whose windows face the sea.我們住在一間窗戶面海的房子。

常見錯誤

• ✗The man which lives next door is a doctor.
  ✓The man who lives next door is a doctor.先行詞是人，要用 who 或 that，不能用 which。
• ✗The girl who sing well is Amy.
  ✓The girl who sings well is Amy.who 代替 the girl（單數），子句動詞要加 -s。
• ✗This is the bag that I bought it last week.
  ✓This is the bag that I bought last week.that 已經代替 the bag，子句裡不能再放 it。
• ✗I know a boy who his mother is a singer.
  ✓I know a boy whose mother is a singer.表示「他的媽媽」要用 whose，不是 who his。
• ✗The boy sits next to me is Ken.
  ✓The boy who sits next to me is Ken.關代在子句裡當主詞時不能省略，不然一句會有兩個動詞。