Insects昆蟲
蜘蛛不是昆蟲。六隻腳、三個體節才是昆蟲——蜘蛛有八隻腳、兩個體節。
CEFR A2閱讀約 5 分鐘 · 12 個單字 · 測驗卷 100 分
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The Butterfly Valley蝴蝶谷
12 個可以點的單字 · 可以隨時暫停、轉動場景
逐字稿（14 段）
- 1Welcome to the butterfly valley. There are more kinds of insect than all other animals put together.歡迎來到蝴蝶谷。昆蟲的種類比其他所有動物加起來還多。
- 2An insect always has six legs and a body in three parts. A spider has eight legs, so it is not an insect.昆蟲一定有六隻腳，身體分成三部分。蜘蛛有八隻腳，所以不是昆蟲。
- 3Most insects also have two antennae. Each antenna on this beetle is extra long.大部分昆蟲還有兩根觸角。這隻天牛的每一根觸角都特別長。
- 4Insects have no bones. Instead, they wear a hard shell on the outside.昆蟲沒有骨頭，而是把硬殼穿在外面。
- 5The shell cannot stretch, so an insect must shed it to grow. Afterwards, it is soft for a while.殼不會撐大，所以昆蟲必須脫殼才能長大。脫完殼後，有一段時間身體軟軟的。
- 6A butterfly grows up in four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.蝴蝶分四個階段長大：卵、幼蟲、蛹、成蟲。
- 7This caterpillar is a larva. It looks nothing like the adult, but it is the same animal.這隻毛毛蟲是幼蟲。牠跟成蟲長得完全不像，卻是同一隻動物。
- 8Next, the larva becomes a pupa. It hangs quietly from a twig.接著，幼蟲變成蛹，靜靜地掛在樹枝上。
- 9Finally, the adult butterfly comes out and flies away.最後，蝴蝶成蟲鑽出來，飛走了。
- 10Bees and butterflies carry pollen from flower to flower. About a third of our food depends on animals like them.蜜蜂和蝴蝶把花粉從一朵花帶到另一朵。我們吃的食物大約有三分之一靠這些動物。
- 11Ants live in a colony. Each ant has a job. One ant is not very clever, but the colony is.螞蟻住在群體裡，每一隻都有自己的工作。一隻螞蟻不太聰明，整個群體卻很聰明。
- 12Every winter, purple crow butterflies fly to the warm valleys of Maolin in Kaohsiung.每年冬天，紫斑蝶會飛到高雄茂林溫暖的山谷。
- 13There they gather on the trees. It is one of only two mass butterfly migrations known in the world.牠們聚集在樹上。這是全世界僅知的兩個大規模蝴蝶遷徙之一。
- 14Taiwan has around 400 kinds of butterfly. Now it's your turn. Click on anything you see.台灣有大約 400 種蝴蝶。現在換你了，點點看你看到的每一樣東西。
Six Legs, Three Parts六隻腳，三個部分
There are more kinds of insect than all other animals put together. Scientists have named about a million of them, and think many more are still unknown.昆蟲的種類比其他所有動物加起來還多。科學家已經命名了大約一百萬種，而且認為還有更多沒被發現。
An insect always has six legs and a body in three parts: head, thorax and abdomen. Most also have wings and two antennae.昆蟲一定有六隻腳，身體分成三部分：頭、胸、腹。大多數還有翅膀和兩根觸角。
A spider has eight legs and a body in two parts, so a spider is not an insect. Neither is a centipede.蜘蛛有八隻腳、身體分兩部分，所以蜘蛛不是昆蟲。蜈蚣也不是。
Insects have no bones. Instead they wear a hard shell on the outside, which is why they must shed it to grow.昆蟲沒有骨頭，而是把硬殼穿在外面，所以牠們必須脫殼才能長大。
Growing Up in Stages分階段長大
- Complete metamorphosis完全變態
- Egg, larva, pupa, adult. The young form looks nothing like the adult — a caterpillar and a butterfly are the same animal.卵、幼蟲、蛹、成蟲。幼體跟成蟲長得完全不像——毛毛蟲和蝴蝶是同一隻動物。
- Incomplete metamorphosis不完全變態
- Egg, nymph, adult. The nymph already looks like a small adult and just gets bigger. Grasshoppers and cockroaches grow this way.卵、若蟲、成蟲。若蟲已經長得像縮小版的成蟲，只是不斷變大。蝗蟲和蟑螂就是這樣長大的。
- Shedding the shell脫殼
- Because the shell cannot stretch, an insect must climb out of it and grow a new bigger one. It is soft and helpless for a while afterwards.因為殼不會撐大，昆蟲必須從裡面爬出來，再長一層更大的。剛脫殼後有一段時間又軟又沒有防衛能力。
- Pollination授粉
- Bees, butterflies and beetles carry pollen from flower to flower. About a third of the food people eat depends on animal pollinators.蜜蜂、蝴蝶和甲蟲把花粉從一朵花帶到另一朵。人類吃的食物大約有三分之一仰賴動物授粉。
- Social insects社會性昆蟲
- Ants, bees and termites live in colonies where each individual has a job. A single ant is not very clever, but a colony behaves as if it were.螞蟻、蜜蜂和白蟻住在群體裡，每一隻都有自己的工作。單獨一隻螞蟻並不聰明，但整個群體的行為看起來卻很聰明。
Insect or Not?是不是昆蟲？
| Animal 動物 | Legs 腳 | Body parts 體節 | Insect? 是昆蟲嗎 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Butterfly 蝴蝶 | 6 | 3 | Yes 是 |
| Ant 螞蟻 | 6 | 3 | Yes 是 |
| Beetle 甲蟲 | 6 | 3 | Yes 是 |
| Spider 蜘蛛 | 8 | 2 | No 不是 |
| Centipede 蜈蚣 | Many 很多 | Many 很多 | No 不是 |
資料查證至 2025 年底
數腳的數量是最快的判斷法。六隻腳就是昆蟲，八隻腳是蛛形綱，非常多隻腳的是多足類。
Butterflies in Taiwan台灣的蝴蝶
- Taiwan has around 400 kinds of butterfly on an island smaller than many countries' single provinces.台灣這座比許多國家一個省還小的島上，有大約 400 種蝴蝶。
- Every winter, purple crow butterflies gather in valleys in Maolin, Kaohsiung. It is one of only two mass butterfly migrations known in the world.每年冬天，紫斑蝶聚集在高雄茂林的山谷裡。這是全世界僅知的兩個大規模蝴蝶遷徙之一。
- The other one is the monarch butterfly in North America.另一個是北美洲的帝王斑蝶。
- When the butterflies cross a highway in spring, Taiwan closes a lane and puts up nets to lift them over the traffic.春天蝴蝶飛越國道時，台灣會封閉一個車道並架設防護網，把牠們導引到車流上方。
Key Words單字表
insect/ˈɪn.sekt/n.
昆蟲
An insect has six legs.昆蟲有六隻腳。
antenna/ænˈten.ə/n.
觸角
Most insects have two antennae.大部分昆蟲有兩根觸角。
shell/ʃel/n.
外殼
The shell is on the outside.殼長在外面。
shed/ʃed/v.
脫落、蛻
It must shed its shell to grow.牠必須脫殼才能長大。
larva/ˈlɑːr.və/n.
幼蟲
A caterpillar is a larva.毛毛蟲是幼蟲。
pupa/ˈpjuː.pə/n.
蛹
The larva becomes a pupa.幼蟲變成蛹。
adult/əˈdʌlt/n.
成蟲
The adult flies away.成蟲飛走了。
stage/steɪdʒ/n.
階段
There are four stages.有四個階段。
pollen/ˈpɑː.lən/n.
花粉
Bees carry pollen between flowers.蜜蜂在花間搬運花粉。
colony/ˈkɑː.lə.ni/n.
群體、聚落
Ants live in a colony.螞蟻住在群體裡。
gather/ˈɡæð.ɚ/v.
聚集
Butterflies gather in the valley.蝴蝶聚集在山谷裡。
valley/ˈvæl.i/n.
山谷
They spend winter in warm valleys.牠們在溫暖的山谷過冬。
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